What Stratum is
In statistics, a stratum (plural: strata) is a subset of a population that shares a common attribute or characteristic. Stratification is the process of dividing a population into strata, or groups, based on specific criteria.
The steps for stratification are as follows:
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Identify the criteria for stratification: First, decide what characteristics or attributes you want to use in order to divide the population into strata.
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Determine the number of strata: Based on the characteristics you identified, decide how many strata you want to create.
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Assign individuals to strata: Using the criteria you identified, assign each individual in the population to a stratum.
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Collect and analyze data: Collect data from each stratum and analyze it to draw conclusions about the population as a whole.
Examples
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Stratum is a method of stratified sampling in which the population is divided into layers or strata, and the sample is taken from each stratum.
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Stratum sampling is used to ensure that the sample taken is representative of the population as a whole and to reduce the potential for bias in the sample.
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Stratum sampling is often used in survey research to ensure that certain subsets of the population are not over- or under-represented in the sample.
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Stratum sampling can also be used in experiments to ensure that the different experimental groups are balanced in terms of relevant characteristics.